Hawking radiation with the dynamical horizon in the K-essence emergent Vaidya spacetime

We study the Hawking radiation with the dynamical horizon in the {\bf K-}essence Vaidya geometry. By considering the {\bf K-}essence action to be of the Dirac-Born-Infeld variety, the physical spacetime to be a general static spherically symmetric black hole, and by restricting the {\bf K-}essence scalar field to be a function solely of the advanced or the retarded time, Manna et. al. have established the connection between the {\bf K-}essence emergent gravity scenario and generalizations of Vaidya spacetime. Based on modified definition of the dynamical horizon by Sawayama, we investigate the Hawking effect in the {\bf K-}essence Vaidya Schwarzschild spacetime. Especially, we investigate the Hawking Radiation in the two ways, by using the dynamical horizon equation and using the tunneling formalism. The results are different from the usual Vaidya spacetime geometry.Comment: 8 page

The Hawking temperature in the context of dark energy for Kerr–Newman and Kerr–Newman–AdS backgrounds

We show that the Hawking temperature is modified in the presence of dark energy in an emergent gravity scenario for Kerr–Newman(KN) and Kerr–Newman–AdS(KNAdS) background metrics. The emergent gravity metric is not conformally equivalent to the gravitational metric. We calculate the Hawking temperatures for these emergent gravity metrics along $$\theta =0$$. Also we show that the emergent black hole metrics are satisfying Einstein’s equations for large r and $$\theta =0$$. Our analysis is done in the context of dark energy in an emergent gravity scenario having $$k-$$essence scalar fields $$\phi$$ with a Dirac–Born–Infeld type Lagrangian. In KN and KNAdS background, the scalar field $$\phi (r,t)=\phi _{1}(r)+\phi _{2}(t)$$ satisfies the emergent gravity equations of motion at $$r\rightarrow \infty$$ for $$\theta =0$$

A Large Study on Immunological Response to a Whole-Cell Killed Oral Cholera Vaccine Reveals That There Are Significant Geographical Differences in Response and That O Blood Group Individuals Do Not Elicit a Higher Response▿ †

The ABO blood group system has been implicated in susceptibility to cholera or in explaining variability in the immune response to a cholera vaccine. O blood group individuals were found to be more susceptible to cholera and elicited lower vibriocidal antibody response to cholera toxin B subunit-killed oral vaccine. Based on the observations that O blood group individuals were more susceptible to cholera and that high mortality was associated with cholera, an evolutionary explanation was provided for the extremely low prevalence of the O blood group in the Gangetic Delta (West Bengal, India, and Bangladesh). However, conflicting results were reported from a later study conducted in Indonesia using a live attenuated oral cholera vaccine; O blood group individuals showed a higher vibriocidal antibody response. In a study conducted in a region of India where cholera is endemic (Kolkata, West Bengal) that comprised 992 individuals vaccinated by a killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccine, we found no statistically significant difference between O and non-O individuals either in the frequency distributions of the fold increase or in the postvaccination increase in geometric mean titer compared to the baseline. Further, in contrast to the earlier observation that the O allele frequency is extremely low in the Gangetic Delta, we have noted that the O allele frequency exceeds 0.5 in the vast majority of ethnic groups of this region. In addition, we have found large differences in response to the vaccine among residents of an area where cholera is not endemic compared to an area where cholera is endemic to The percentages of vaccinees who seroconverted in an area where cholera is not endemic (Son La province of Vietnam) was >90% compared to ∼50% in Kolkata, India, an area where cholera is endemic

Text summary evaluation based on interpretable semantic textual similarity

International audienceText summarization methods are much needed to tackle the ever-increasing volume of text data, accessible online to help us find the relevant information and quicker ingestion of relevant data. In this paper, we have reported two issues related to text summarization. At first, we developed a Deep Neural Network (DNN) based abstractive text summarization method. After that, a chunk alignment-based interpretable semantic textual similarity (iSTS) method is designed to evaluate the quality of the summary text with reference to the main text. We have used an attention-based encoder-decoder Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model to develop the abstractive text summarization method. The encoder compresses the sequence information into a sequence of vectors to save the important information. A Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) based RNN model, composed of three stacks, takes the words in a sequence and produces the output as hidden states. During training, we have used word embeddings for each word with a dimension of 128. At first, the efficiency of the summary text in reference to the main text is evaluated using the BLEU score and ROUGE matrix. Further, the results are compared with the proposed iSTS-based evaluation measure. The quality of the summary text is accessed based on the similarity score, and for that, we have trained a multivariate supervised linear regression model. The supervised algorithm is trained with the features extracted from a pair of the chunk itself. The string similarity, distributional word representations, and relatedness scores between the chunks are provided as a feature vector to get the similarity score

Our experience of coronary angiography with and without heparin

Aim: Coronary angiography is usually done with heparin. Our aim is to see whether it can be done without heparin through femoral route and its effect on local complications. Method: We have studied 3780 patients from 2006 to 2010 using standard dose Heparin (5000 units), low dose heparin (2000 units) and no heparin. We have compared safety and complications in these three groups. Results: Local complications were lowest in no heparin group. Blood transfusion requirements and surgical interventions were lowest in no heparin group. Thrombosis rate did not increase in no heparin group. Conclusion: Coronary angiography can be done safely without heparin through femoral route

Antineoplastic and apoptotic potential of traditional medicines thymoquinone and diosgenin in squamous cell carcinoma.

Thymoquinone (TQ) and diosgenin (DG), the active ingredients obtained from black cumin (Nigella sativa) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum), respectively, exert potent bioactivity, including anticancer effects. This study investigated the antineoplastic activity of these agents against squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and sarcoma 180-induced tumors in vivo. TQ and DG inhibited cell proliferation and induced cytotoxicity in A431 and Hep2 cells. These agents induced apoptosis by increasing the sub-G(1) population, LIVE/DEAD cytotoxicity, chromatin condensation, DNA laddering and TUNEL-positive cells significantly (P<0.05). Increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, activation of caspases and cleavage of poly ADP ribose polymerase were observed in treated cells. These drugs inhibited Akt and JNK phosphorylations, thus inhibiting cell proliferation while inducing apoptosis. In combination, TQ and DG had synergistic effects, resulting in cell viability as low as 10%. In a mouse xenograft model, a combination of TQ and DG significantly (P<0.05) reduced tumor volume, mass and increased apoptosis. TQ and DG, alone and in combination, inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in squamous cell carcinoma. The combination of TQ and DG is a potential antineoplastic therapy in this common skin cancer